| Unique ID | iCARE-YPV-0085 |
| Prefix / Honorific (optional) (Prefix) | Dr. |
| First or given name (First name) | Yohana |
| Middle name or initial (optional) (Middle name) | Pereira |
| Last or family name (Last name) | Vieira |
| Email (Enter your email) | yohanavieira00@gmail.com |
| Other investigators or team members (optional) | Eduardo Caputo |
| Institution | Federal University of Pelotas |
| Country (Country) | Brazil |
| Analysis Plan Title | Cumulative social disadvantage and continuity of non-COVID-19 healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from the iCARE surveys |
| Analysis Plan Description | This study will use data from Surveys 1–11 of the International Assessment of COVID-19 Attitudes, Concerns, Responses, and Impacts on Public Health Policies (iCARE), an international online convenience sample conducted across multiple countries during the COVID-19 pandemic. Adults with available information on the exposure and outcomes will be included. The primary exposure will be cumulative social disadvantage, measured using a modified Jeopardy Index based on social and socioeconomic variables available and comparable across surveys, including sex/gender, educational attainment, perceived relative household income, and employment status. Higher scores will indicate greater cumulative disadvantage. The primary outcome will be difficulty accessing non-COVID-19 medical care. Secondary outcomes will include disruptions in non-COVID-19 healthcare utilization, such as cancelled medical appointments and changes in emergency service use. Prevalence estimates will be described by cumulative disadvantage, survey period, and country. Associations will be assessed using Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals. Multivariable models will adjust for age, marital status, pre-existing chronic conditions, survey period, and country, according to data availability. Interactions between cumulative disadvantage and survey period and country will be examined to assess whether inequalities varied over time and across country. |
| Keyword 1 | Health services |
| Keyword 2 | COVID-19 pandemic |
| Keyword 3 (optional) | Healthcare Disparities |
| Convenience data | Convenience data |
| Location data | Country-based |
| Countries | Canada, Brazil, United States, Australia, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, Argentina, Belgium, Chile, Colombia |
| Data Time Frame | Data from all surveys |
| Target completion date (optional) | 03-01-2027 |
| Entry Date | Sept.1.2026 |
